Clinical Impact of Drug Adherence of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Children with Ph-Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia / Journal of the Korean Cancer Association, 대한암학회지

Purpose@#This study aimed to explore the impact of ABL1–tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) adherence on the survival of chromosome-positive (Ph+) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) children and clarify the potential predictors of patients’ prognosis from TKIs intake practices. @*Materials and Methods@#Ninety newly diagnosed Ph+ ALL patients who received TKIs were enrolled. We collected the baseline characteristics and adverse events in all children; moreover, TKIs adherence was measured by an eight-item Morisky medication adherence scale (MMAS-8). Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) analysis were performed, and risk factors for PFS and OS were evaluated. @*Results@#Among all patients, 69 cases were regarded as adherers, while 21 were non-adherers. The median duration of TKIs interruption was significantly prolonged in the non-adherence group than in the adherence group (13 [0-101] vs. 56 [11-128], p < 0.001). Additionally, dose reduction occurred in 55.2% of non-adherers versus 23.0% of adherers (p=0.002). The PFS and OS in adherers were significantly higher versus non-adherers (p=0.020 and p=0.039). MMAS-8 score was an independent risk factor for PFS (p=0.010) and OS (p=0.031). Among non-adherers, the median OS was only 23.1% (4.2%-42%) in patients aged ≤ 10 years versus 54.4% (38.8%-70%) in adolescents. Most of the patients who experienced TKIs non-adherence suffered pancytopenia. @*Conclusion@#TKIs adherence during treatment significantly influenced the survival of pediatric Ph+ ALL patients, and non-adherers with age ≤ 10 years were more vulnerable to TKIs disruption. The cumulative TKIs dose should be especially emphasized to patients with age ≤ 10 years, which may result in an inferior achievement of relevant treatment milestones.

Impact of interventional therapy on top of standard drug therapy on left ventricular structure and function in HFrEF patients complicating with middle aortic syndrome caused by Takayasu arteritis / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To evaluate the impact of interventional therapy on top of drug therapy on cardiac function and structure in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) patients complicating with middle aortic syndrome caused by Takayasu arteritis (TA-MAS). Methods: It was a retrospective longitudinal study. The data of patients with TA-MAS and HFrEF, who received interventional therapy on top of drug therapy in Fuwai Hospital from January 2010 to September 2020, were collected and analyzed. Baseline clinical data (including demographic data, basic treatment, etc.) were collected through the electronic medical record system. Changes of indexes such as New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular mass index (LVMI) before and after therapy were analyzed. Results: A total of 10 patients were collected. There were 8 females in this patient cohort, age was (18.4±5.0) years and onset age was (15.3±5.0) years. All 10 patients received standard heart failure medication therapy in addition to hormone and/or immunosuppressive anti-inflammatory therapy, but cardiac function was not improved, so aortic balloon dilatation and/or aortic stenting were performed in these patients. The median follow-up was 3.3(1.3, 5.6) years. On the third day after interventional therapy, the clinical symptoms of the 10 patients were significantly improved, NYHA classfication was restored from preoperative Ⅲ/Ⅳ to Ⅱ at 6 months post intervention(P<0.05). Compared with preoperation, NT-proBNP (P=0.028), LVEDD (P=0.011) and LVMI (P=0.019) were significantly decreased, LVEF was significantly increased (P<0.001) at 6 months after operation. Compared with preoperation, NT-proBNP (P=0.016), LVEDD (P=0.023) and LVMI (P=0.043) remained decreased, LVEF remained increased (P<0.001) at 1 year after operation. Conclusion: Results from short and medium term follow-up show that interventional therapy on top of heart failure drug therpay can effectively improve left cardiac function and attenuate cardiac remodeling in patients with TA-MAS comorbid with HFrEF.

Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Psychological Effects of Primary Nocturnal Enuresis in Chinese Young Adults / 대한배뇨장애요실금학회지

Purpose@#This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, risk factors, and effects of primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE) on physical and mental health in young adults in mainland China. @*Methods@#An anonymous questionnaire was used to collect information including the sociodemographic characteristics, history of PNE, family history, daytime voiding symptoms, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores, Self-Esteem Scale (SES), and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). A total of 22,500 university students from 23 provinces and 368 cities in mainland China were included. @*Results@#In total, 21,082 questionnaires were collected, and 20,345 of them qualified for statistical analysis. The PNE prevalence was 1.17%, and the distribution of monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE) and nonmonosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (NMNE) was 66.1% and 33.9%, respectively. In total, 28% of respondents with PNE reported bedwetting daily, 31.6% between 1 and 7 times weekly, and 40.4% between 1 and 4 times monthly; 80% of PNE cases had no history of treatment. The prevalence of PNE in patients with a family history, frequency, urgency, urinary incontinence, and recurrent urinary tract infections was significantly higher than in those without these conditions (P<0.001). PNE was significantly correlated with the PSQI total score (sleep quality) (P=0.011). The SES score was lower and the SDS was higher (P<0.001) in the PNE group than in those without PNE. @*Conclusions@#In mainland China, the PNE prevalence among young adults was found to be high, and PNE had significant effects on physical and mental health. Risk factors included a family history, daytime voiding symptoms, and lack of treatment.

Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Psychological Effects of Primary Nocturnal Enuresis in Chinese Young Adults / 대한배뇨장애요실금학회지

Purpose@#This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, risk factors, and effects of primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE) on physical and mental health in young adults in mainland China. @*Methods@#An anonymous questionnaire was used to collect information including the sociodemographic characteristics, history of PNE, family history, daytime voiding symptoms, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores, Self-Esteem Scale (SES), and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). A total of 22,500 university students from 23 provinces and 368 cities in mainland China were included. @*Results@#In total, 21,082 questionnaires were collected, and 20,345 of them qualified for statistical analysis. The PNE prevalence was 1.17%, and the distribution of monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE) and nonmonosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (NMNE) was 66.1% and 33.9%, respectively. In total, 28% of respondents with PNE reported bedwetting daily, 31.6% between 1 and 7 times weekly, and 40.4% between 1 and 4 times monthly; 80% of PNE cases had no history of treatment. The prevalence of PNE in patients with a family history, frequency, urgency, urinary incontinence, and recurrent urinary tract infections was significantly higher than in those without these conditions (P<0.001). PNE was significantly correlated with the PSQI total score (sleep quality) (P=0.011). The SES score was lower and the SDS was higher (P<0.001) in the PNE group than in those without PNE. @*Conclusions@#In mainland China, the PNE prevalence among young adults was found to be high, and PNE had significant effects on physical and mental health. Risk factors included a family history, daytime voiding symptoms, and lack of treatment.

Evaluation and Early Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal Failure in Acute Pancreatitis / 中国医学科学院学报

To investigate the application of Acute Gastrointestinal Injury(AGI) grading in evaluating gastrointestinal failure in patients with acute pancreatitis(AP). In this retrospective observational study,patients presented with moderate severe AP and severe AP in our hospital from October 2013 to October 2016 were consecutively enrolled.Logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve were used to explore and evaluate potential predictors of gastrointestinal failure. A total of 202 patients were included in this study,with 90 cases(44.6%) identified as gastrointestinal failure.Survival curve showed significantly increased risk of death in patients with gastrointestinal failure( < 0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed age(=1.06,95%:1.03-1.09,<0.001),complaint of stopping flatus and defecation(=7.02,95%:2.08-23.66,=0.002),increased counts of white blood cells in peripheral blood(=1.09,95%:1.02-1.17,=0.015),decreased level of serum albumin(=0.93,95%:0.86-1.00,=0.048),and increased level of serum creatinine at admission(=1.02,95%:1.01-1.04,=0.001) were the independent risk factors of gastrointestinal failure.The area under curves of Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) and Beside Index for Severity in Acute Pancreatitis (BISAP) scores in diagnosing gastrointestinal failure were 0.999 and 0.782,respectively. Gastrointestinal failure can remarkably increase the risk of death in patients with AP.Both APACHE Ⅱ and BISAP scores at admission are useful in diagnosing gastrointestinal failure in patients with AP.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of desmopressin acetate in rabbits after intraocular administration / 药学学报

We compared the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of desmopressin acetate after intraocular, intravenous and intragastric administration in rabbits to better understand the systemic delivery of peptide drugs through intraocular administration. Fifteen rabbits were randomly divided into three groups (intraocular administration, 7 μg·kg-1; intravenous administration, 0.7 μg·kg-1; and intragastric administration, 7 μg·kg-1). Blood samples were taken from the heart at predetermined time points after dosing and the plasma desmopressin concentration was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Another 21 rabbits were randomly divided into three groups (intraocular administration, 7 μg·kg-1; intravenous administration, 0.7 μg·kg-1; intragastric administration, 7 μg·kg-1) for a pharmacodynamics study. Urine was collected at predetermined intervals after dosing. The pharmacokinetic parameters after intravenous administration were as follows: Cmax was 143.0 pg·mL-1; the area under the plasma concentration–time curve for desmopressin (AUC0-t) was 999.9 pg·h·mL-1. The pharmacokinetic parameters after intraocular administration were as follows: tmax was 5 min, Cmax was 125.6 pg·mL-1, AUC0-t was 873.1 pg·h·mL-1, and absolute bioavailability (F) was 8.7%. The pharmacokinetic parameters after intragastric administration were as follows: tmax was 10 min, Cmax was 104.1 pg·mL-1, AUC0-t was 451.8 pg·h·mL-1, and absolute bioavailability was 4.5%. Intraocular administration and intravenous administration of one tenth of the dosage showed a similar effect, and the urine volume remained decreased for 12 h, but urine volume increased significantly in the second collection period after intragastric administration, and there was no decrease in volume 12 h after dosing. This study demonstrates that peptide drugs such as desmopressin can be absorbed more rapidly after intraocular administration than after intragastric administration and can exert systemic therapeutic effects. In this study, the program of animal testing had been approved by the Laboratory Animal Care and Use Committee at Anhui University of Chinese Medicine.

Pharmacokinetics of Nimodipine after Intraocular Administration in Rats / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To explore the pharmacokinetics of nimodipine in plasma of rats after intraocular administration.Methods Totally 135 SD rats were randomly divided into three groups according to drug administration routes:intraocular(io group),intravenous (iv group),and intragastric (ig group). The doses were 5.0 mg/kg for IO and IV groups and 10.0 mg/kg for IG group. The serum nimodipine level was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. The main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and compared.Results The pharmacokinetic parameters in io group were as follows:C:0.52 mg/ml;t:5.0 min;and AUC:21.10 mg/(ml·min). The main pharmacokinetic parameters in iv group were as follows:C:3.62 mg/ml;and AUC:52.58 mg/(ml·min). The main pharmacokinetic parameters in ig group were as follows:C:0.20 mg/ml;t:5.0 min;and AUC:5.98 mg/(ml·min).Conclusions Nimodipine is rapidly absorbed after io administration,and the ophthalmic formulation has a higher bioavailability than the oral solution. Therefore,the io route may help to improve the treatment effectiveness of cardiovascular diseases.

Effects of Vitamin D Receptor on Mucosal Barrier Proteins in Colon Cells under Hypoxic Environment / 中国医学科学院学报

To investigate the expressions of mucosal barrier proteins in colon cell line DLD-1 under hypoxic environment and its mechanism. Methods After DLD-1 cells were treated separately with hypoxia(l% O),vitamin D(100 nmol/L),or vitamin D plus hypoxia for 48 hours,the expressions of vitamin D receptor(VDR),tight junction proteins zonula occludens-1(ZO-1),occludin,Claudin-1,and adherent junction protein(E-cadherin)were determined by Western blot.Stable VDR knock-down(Sh-VDR)DLD-1 cell line and control DLD-1 cell line were established by lentivirus package technology and the protein expressions after hypoxia treatment were detected. Results Compared with control group,the expressions of occludin,Claudin-1,and VDR increased significantly after hypoxia treatment(all <0.001).In addition to the protein expressions of occludin,Claudin-1 and VDR,the expressions of ZO-1 and E-cadherin were also obviously higher in vitamin D plus hypoxia group than in single vitamin D treatment group(all <0.001).After hypoxia treatment,Sh-VDR cell line showed significantly decreased expressions of ZO-1(<0.001),occludin(<0.05),Claudin-1(<0.01)and E-cadherin(<0.001)when compared with untreated Sh-VDR cell line. Conclusion VDR acts as a regulator for the expressions of intestinal mucosal barrier proteins under hypoxia environment in DLD-1 colon cell line,indicating that VDR pathway may be another important protective mechanism for gut barrier in low-oxygen environment.

Anti-parasitic effects of water-soluble alkaloid fractions from ethanolic extracts of Sophora moorcroftiana seeds in Caenorhabditis elegans / 中国天然药物

Parasite infections of humans and animals remain a major global health problem, with limited choice of drugs being available to the treatment of parasitosis in the clinic. Sophora moorcroftiana (S. moorcroftiana) is a shrub that grows in Tibet Plateau of China. Decoction of the seeds has been used as a traditional Tibetan medicine to treat parasitosis for years. But the anti-parasitic effects of water-soluble fractions in the seeds need further investigation. In the present study, the water-soluble alkaloid fractions (E2) were obtained from S. moorcroftiana seeds by refluxing extraction with 60% ethanol and low polarity fraction (E2-a) and high polarity fraction (E2-b) were subsequently isolated from E2 using column chromatography. As a parasite model, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) were treated with different fractions and their survivals were recorded. The results showed that that E2-a induced a lower survival rate in C. elegans than E2-b and E2. The protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus) were cultured in the presence of E2-a. Compared with E2-b and E2, protoscoleces exhibited decreased survival rate following E2-a treatment. Furtherly, the effects of E2-a on the behavior, brood size, and lifespan of the worms were investigated. Body bend frequencies of the worms treated with the high concentration of E2-a were reduced by two-thirds compared with the control group (P < 0.01). Compared with non-E2-a-treated group, exposure of nematodes to E2-a led to a decrease in head thrashes and pharyngeal pumps frequency (P < 0.01). E2-a treatment resulted in a significantly lower brood size (P < 0.01). Additional E2-a treatment induced a significantly shortened lifespan, compared with the control (P < 0.05). These findings indicated that water-soluble fraction E2-a from S. moorcroftiana seeds was a potential helminthic agent.

Effect of continuous nursing intervention on post-hospital rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy / 新乡医学院学报

Objective To investigate the effect of continuous nursing intervention on post-hospital rehabilitation of chil-dren with cerebral palsy. Methods A total of 70 children with cerebral palsy treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinx-iang Medical University from February 2016 to February 2017 were selected and divided into observation group and control group according to nursing measures,with 35 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were given routine nursing intervention,and the patients in the observation group were given continuous nursing intervention after discharge. The fine mo-tor was evaluated by Peabody-2 developmental motor scale at discharge and one year after discharge. The clinical effect was e-valuated one year after discharge. Results The score of grasping ability and visual movement comprehensive ability of the children in the observation group was 41. 15 ± 5. 31 and 102. 23 ± 17. 42 respectively at discharge,and it was 48. 12 ± 3. 54 and 128. 22 ± 11. 25 respectively one year after discharge. The score of grasping ability and visual movement comprehensive a-bility of the children in the control group was 41. 22 ± 5. 22 and 102. 56 ± 17. 31 respectively at discharge,and it was 43. 21 ± 4. 52 and 110. 52 ± 15. 37 respectively at one year after discharge. There was no significant difference in the scores of grasping ability and visual motor comprehensive ability between the two groups at discharge(P > 0. 05). The scores of grasping ability and visual motor comprehensive ability at the time point of one year after discharge were significantly higher than those at dis-charge in the two groups(P < 0. 05). The scores of grasping ability and visual motor comprehensive ability in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group at the time point of one year after discharge(P < 0. 05). One year after discharge,the total effective rate of rehabilitation treatment in the observation group and the control group was 94. 29％(33 / 35)and 71. 43％(25 / 35)respectively,and the total effective rate in the observation group was significantly high-er than that in the control group(χ2 =6. 440,P <0. 05). Conclusion The continuous nursing intervention can significantly im-prove the grasping ability and visual motor comprehensive ability,and promote the recovery of children with cerebral palsy.

Anti-inflammatory mechanism of heat-clearing and detoxifying Chinese herbs / 中国中药杂志

Heat-clearing and detoxifying Chinese herbs (HDCHs) are mainly used to treat carbuncle, sore throat, erysipelas, gills, dysentery and other diseases induced by heat-toxicity. Inflammation is a defensive response to damaging factors in living organism with vascular system. In recent years, a large amount of experimental and clinical studies showed that HDCHs had good therapeutic effect on inflammation. This review analyzed the anti-inflammatory mechanism of 11 HDCHs by retrieving literature in past 5 years, including Lonicerae Japonicae Flos (Jinyinhua), Lonicerae Flos (Jinyinhua), Lonicerae Japonicae Caulis (Rendongteng), Forsythiae Fructus (Lianqiao), Rhizoma Coptidis（Huanglian）, Gardeniae Fructus (Zhizi), Andrographis Herba (Chuanxinlian), Taraxaci Herba (Pugongying), Scrophulariae Radix (Xuanshen), Pulsatillae Radix (Baitouweng), and Agrimoniae Herba (Xianhecao). The data showed that the regulatory effect of HDCHs on inflammation may be involved mainly in the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) or janus kinase-signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway, with similarity of action links among these three. Based upon the analysis of literature, we proposed some promising directions in this research field, providing a reliable theoretical basis for both experimental researches and clinical practices of HDCHs.

Anti-parasitic effects of water-soluble alkaloid fractions from ethanolic extracts of Sophora moorcroftiana seeds in Caenorhabditis elegans / 中国天然药物

Parasite infections of humans and animals remain a major global health problem, with limited choice of drugs being available to the treatment of parasitosis in the clinic. Sophora moorcroftiana (S. moorcroftiana) is a shrub that grows in Tibet Plateau of China. Decoction of the seeds has been used as a traditional Tibetan medicine to treat parasitosis for years. But the anti-parasitic effects of water-soluble fractions in the seeds need further investigation. In the present study, the water-soluble alkaloid fractions (E2) were obtained from S. moorcroftiana seeds by refluxing extraction with 60% ethanol and low polarity fraction (E2-a) and high polarity fraction (E2-b) were subsequently isolated from E2 using column chromatography. As a parasite model, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) were treated with different fractions and their survivals were recorded. The results showed that that E2-a induced a lower survival rate in C. elegans than E2-b and E2. The protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus) were cultured in the presence of E2-a. Compared with E2-b and E2, protoscoleces exhibited decreased survival rate following E2-a treatment. Furtherly, the effects of E2-a on the behavior, brood size, and lifespan of the worms were investigated. Body bend frequencies of the worms treated with the high concentration of E2-a were reduced by two-thirds compared with the control group (P < 0.01). Compared with non-E2-a-treated group, exposure of nematodes to E2-a led to a decrease in head thrashes and pharyngeal pumps frequency (P < 0.01). E2-a treatment resulted in a significantly lower brood size (P < 0.01). Additional E2-a treatment induced a significantly shortened lifespan, compared with the control (P < 0.05). These findings indicated that water-soluble fraction E2-a from S. moorcroftiana seeds was a potential helminthic agent.

Recent highlights of Chinese herbs in treatment of allergic disease: Acting via mitogen-activated protein kinase signal pathway / 中国结合医学杂志

The histamine receptor antagonists in the treatment of allergic disease have limitations. The treatments of Chinese herbs have some curative effects on allergic skin lesions. Present research indicates that the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway might be equally important in allergic reactions. It was found that the inhibition of MAPK signaling pathways might relieve allergy symptoms, and some herbs can inhibit the MAPK pathway, which yields anti-allergy effects. Chinese medicines (CMs) have immense potential in the development of treatments for allergic disease.

Development, reliability and validity of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Self-Evaluation Scale (TCM-50) / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop a health-evaluating scale from a Chinese medicine (CM) perspective and reflecting CM conception of health.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Self-Evaluation Scale (TCM-50) was developed by verification of dimensions, formation of item pool, verification of scoring methodology, and pilot test of scale and item analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>TCM-50 composed of 50 items that could be classified into 4 dimensions including physiology and health, psychology and health, nature and health, and society and health. An examination of reliability and validity of TCM-50 yielded Cronbach's α coefficient of 0.927, and half coefficient of was 0.876. The intraclass correlation coefficient of total score was 0.912. After using SF-36 questionnaire to evaluate the criterion validity, the Pearson of the score of the two scales from the same participant was 0.740.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>TCM-50 has good reliability and validity, and can yield similar levels of efficacy as SF-36 in terms of evaluating people's overall health level. As a scale based on CM theory, TCM-50 is suitable for self-measuring the general health of Chinese patients.</p>

Incidence and clinical properties of dry eye after phacoemulsification in age-related cataract patients / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

?AIM:To evaluate the incidence and clinical properties of dry eye after phacoemulsification in age-related cataract patients.?METHODS: Samples were collected from 145 age -related cataract patients (145 eyes).Dry eye was analyzed at 0, 7, 30, 90 and 180d after phacoemulsification by 1 ) Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire ( OSDI ) , 2 ) tear meniscus height ( TMH ) , 3 ) corneal fluorescein staining, 4) tear film break-up time (BUT), 5)SchirmerⅠtest( SⅠt) .?RESULTS:The symptoms and signs of dry eye, such as narrowing of TMH, shorting of BUT, decreasing of SⅠt, cornea staining by fluorescein, occurred as early as 7d post-phacoemulsification and were measured by OSDI questionnaire and 4 additional clinical tests.Over the six-month observation the severity of dry eye peaked at 30d and then gradually relieved.? CONCLUSION: The severity of dry eye after phacoemulsification peaked at 30d and gradually improved over time. Considering the characteristics of ocular surface for aged people ophthalmologists should pay more concern on evaluating the occurring of dry eye after phacoemulsification so as to improve the life quality of these people.

Metabonomics on toxicity reduction of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma for Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata in Sini Tang / 中国中药杂志

To analyze the endogenous metabolite changes in rat plasma after intervention by Sini Tang and Sini Tang without Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma based on GC-MS metabonomics technology, and study the toxicity reduction effect of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma in Sini Tang on Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata. Eighteen SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, Sini Tang group and Sini Tang without Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma group on average. The rats in Sini Tang group and Sini Tang without Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma group were treated respectively with physic liquor by intragastric administration at the dose of 0.02 mL•g ⁻¹ (equivalent to 0.8 g•mL ⁻¹ crude drugs) once a day for 7 days. The rats in normal group were given with equal volume of saline solution. The plasma samples were collected from each rat 0.5 h after the last administration for GC-MS detection. The data was used for multivariate statistical analysis to obtain 14 potential metabolic markers(13 of them were identified). Then their relative content and metabolic pathways were analyzed. Compared with Sini Tang without Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma group, seven metabolic markers of were reduced in Sini Tang group. Analysis on physiological functions of these potential metabolic markers showed that the Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma in Sini Tang could reduce the toxicity of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata by adjusting the glycolysis, lipid metabolism, citrate cycle and some amino acids metabolism.

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism rs10919543 in FCGR2A/FCGR3A Region Confers Susceptibility to Takayasu Arteritis in Chinese Population / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a rare inflammatory arteriopathy of unknown etiology. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic susceptibility to TA in a Chinese population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) those locate in the IL12B region (rs56167332), the MLX region (rs665268), the FCGR2A/FCGR3A locus (rs10919543), and the HLA-B/MICA locus (rs12524487), associated with TA in different population, were genotyped in 123 Chinese TA patients and 147 healthy controls from January 2013 to August 2014. A Chi-square test was used to test for genotype/allele frequencies variants.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the four SNPs, rs10919543 was found to be significantly associated with TA in the studied population. The GG genotype of rs10919543 at the FCGR2A/FCGR3A locus is a high risk factor (odds ratio [OR] = 6.532, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.402 - 17.763, P < 0.001) for TA. Among TA patients, the level of eosinophil granulocytes (Eos) in the peripheral blood was observed to be higher in the GG group of rs10919543 (n = 23, Eos = 0.11 [0.08, 0.17] ×109/L) than the GA + AA group (n = 100, Eos = 0.08 [0.05, 0.13] ×109/L, P = 0.028). No correlation between the genotypes of the other three SNPs and TA patients was observed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Our findings revealed unique genetic pattern in Chinese TA patients that may be partly responsible for the higher risk of TA in this population. FCGR2A/FCGR3A-related immune disorder might contribute to the etiology of TA.</p>

Analysis on macular choroidal thickness of patients with myopic choroidal neovascularization / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

? AlM: To examine choroidal thickness and its relationship with axial length and spherical equivalent by spectral domain optical coherence tomography ( SD -OCT ) in patients with myopic choroidal neovascularization ( mCNV) . ?METHODS: We prospectively recruited 30 cases of mCNV in Beijing Anzhen Hospital from October 2010 to December 2014. SD-OCT was used to measure choroidal thickness subfoveally and at 1. 5mm superiorly, inferiorly, nasally and temporally ( SFCT, SCT1. 5mm , lCT1. 5mm , NCT1. 5mm , TCT1. 5mm ) . Paired t- test was conducted to assess the difference of spherical equivalent, axial length and choroidal thickness between mCNV group and controls. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the correlation between spherical equivalent, axial length, choroidal thickness and mCNV. ?RESULTS: The difference of spherical equivalent and axial length between mCNV group and controls was not significant (P>0. 05). lnferior was decreased in mCNV group compared with controls (140. 85±33. 46μm vs 168. 95±45. 36μm). The difference was significant (P=0. 008). Logistic regression demonstrated that decreased choroidal thickness ( lCT1. 5mm ) at inferior location was associated with mCNV (OR=2. 12;95%CI 1. 35~3. 28;P=0. 02). ?CONCLUSlON: The decrease of lCT1. 5MM may be one of the risk factors of mCNV.

Research progress of SlRT1 as a target for the treatment of age - related retinal disease / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Silent information regulator protein 1 (SlRT1) is one of the sirtuins and belongs to histone deacetyase. lts activity depends on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ( NAD+) and is regulated by NAD+. Experimental and clinical studies have shown the neuro-protective effect of SlRT1 in the pathogenesis of age-related eye diseases. ln this review, the relationship between SlRT1 activator and apoptosis in the retinal cells were discussed. The review also points to SlRT1 as a potential therapeutic target for the clinical management of age-related retinal disease.

Treatment of chemotherapy-induced leucopenia in patients with malignant tumor by Chinese herbal medicine: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the effectiveness and safety of traditional Chinese herbal medicine (TCHM) for chemotherapy-induced leucopenia in patients with malignant tumor.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Chinese database (CNKI, VIP, CBM, Wanfang Database) and English database (Medline, Cochrane Library) were retrieved with the deadline of September 2013. Participants were cancer patients confirmed by pathology waiting for chemotherapy. We included randomized clinical trials (RCTs) testing chemotherapy plus TCHM vs. chemotherapy plus placebo, chemotherapy alone, conventional treatment, or TCHM plus chemotherapy combined with conventional treatment vs chemotherapy combined with conventional treat ment. The primary outcomes were WBC count, leucopenia incidence, and adverse reactions. Assessments of methodological quality, including randomization, allocation, concealment, blindness, dropping-out, loss of follow-ups were also conducted according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Review of Interventions. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan5. 2 Software provided by Cochrane Collaboration.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eighty-seven RCTs (involving 8 468 patients) were included. All these studies were published in Chinese. Of these only two papers were of high quality. Methods of randomization, scheme concealment, blindness, dropping-out, loss of follow-up, samples estimation were not accurately reported in the rest RCTs. The pooled results of WBC count showed that chemotherapy combined with TCHM was generally better than chemotherapy alone [MD =0. 64 x 109/L (0.41, 0.88), P < 0.01]. Auxiliary treatment of Compound Ejiao Syrup, Diyu Shengbai Tablet, Chinese compounds for invigorating Pi and supplementing Shen during the chemotherapeutic course could elevate peripheral blood WBC counts, and decrease the incidence of leucopenia.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Chinese herbal medicine might have potential effects in preventing the occurrence of leucopenia, which need to be confirmed by launching higher quality clinical trials.</p>